Francišak Alachnovič (March 9, 1883, Vilnius – March 3, 1944, Vilnius, Belarusian: Францішак Аляхновіч, Polish: Franciszek Olechnowicz, Frantsishak Aliakhnovich) was a Belarusian writer, journalist and Gulag survivor.
Alachnovič was a well-known theatrical writer, director and journalist in West Belarus. He was editor of the newspaper Biełaruski zvon published in Vilnius.
In 1926 he decided to stay in East Belarus after a conference in Minsk. After a couple of months he got arrested by the NKVD and sent to Solovki concentration camp. He spent seven years in the Gulag and was exchanged for Branislau Tarashkevich, a West Belarusian politician held in Polish prison, in 1933.
Alachnovič's Gulag experience became a basis for his 1934 book of memoirs U kipciuroch GPU (In the claws of the GPU), that was later translated into several languages.
During the Second World War, Francišak Alachnovič was editor of the newspaper Biełaruski hołas published in Vilnius. Besides that, he was one of the leaders of the Belarusian Independence Party - a Belarusian Christian Democratic underground antifascist organization led by padre Vincent Hadleŭski.
In 1944, Francišak Alachnovič was assassinated by a Soviet terrorist.